이 논문은 법제사적 해석·학리해석·유권해석·법인식 분석 등을 통하여 교육현실에 맞는 ‘교육의 전문성’을 고찰하고 법률유보조항의 제한성을 밝히는 연구이다. 법제사적 해석을 통하여 ‘교육의 전문성’은 교육전문가에 의한 운영을 의미하며, ‘법률유보’조항은 기본권 형성적 법률유보 조항으로 해석되고 있음을 밝혔다. 또한, 학리해석의 분석을 통하여 교육전문가, 교원의 전문적 능력, 교육의 전문성 지향의 선언, 실효성 있는 교육제도적 보장 등으로 해석되고 있지만 기본권 침해적 법률유보 조항 해석되어 그 한계성을 제시하였다. 그리고 법인식 분석을 통하여 헌법재판소의 다양한 ‘교육의 전문성’ 해석과 교육당사자의 법인식을 확인하는 과정이 이루어졌다. 이를 통하여 ‘교육의 전문성’에 대한 해석을 고찰하고 헌법 제31조 제4항의 법률유보조항 해석시 침해적 법률유보조항으로 편중되어 판례에서 해석됨을 경계해야 할 것, 교육의 특수성이 반영된 교육조리적 해석 등을 제안하였다.
“Article 31④ Professionalism of education … shall be guaranteed under the conditions as prescribed by Act”. The purpose of this study to consider ‘Professionalism of Education’ and recognize the ‘Limitations of the Reservation Laws’ by investigating the legislative history, doctrinal interpretation, authoritative interpretation and legal epistemology. In chapterⅠ, I described the purpose, need and method of this study. In chapterⅡ and Ⅲ, I reviewed ‘Professionalism of Education’ and ‘Reservation Laws’ by investigating the legislative history and doctrinal interpretation. In chapter Ⅳ, I analyzed the legal epistemology, and finally re-interpreted it and proposed constitutional amendments. This study can be summarized as follows. ‘Professionalism of Education’ is the operation by education professionals and ‘Limitation of the Reservation Law’ is the interpretation of formative ‘Limitation of the Reservation Law’ in the legislative history. It means education professionals, teachers`` professional skills, education-oriented declaration of professionalism, training, institutional effectiveness and ensures the doctrinal interpretation, but has the limitation of interpretation limited by the ‘Reservation Laws’. Recognition and analysis of the law of the Constitutional Court through a variety of interpretation and process of ‘Professionalism of Education’ serves to determine the legal epistemology we have been made aware of. In conclusion, ‘Professionalism of Education’ is to re-interpret by characteristics of education and I propose the interpretation of formative ‘Limitation of the Reservation Law’ and ‘Nature of Things in the Law of Education’ on the Article 31④ of the Constitution.
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