본 연구는 상대적으로 소홀했던 한국의 초·중등학교 학생들의 인권 보호 문제를 아동권리협약과 관련하여 다루었다. 유엔아동권리위원회의 권고사항인 학생체벌 금지 문제를 주된 주제로 분석하였다. 체벌의 교육적 찬반논거, 체벌관련 법령, 법원과 헌법재판소의 최근 판례를 분석하였다. 아동권리위원회에서 권고한 학생징계와 적법절차 문제, 표현의 자유의 제한 문제도 살펴보았다. 그밖에 학교영역에서의 차별문제, 교육을 받을 권리, 학교폭력과 학교환경의 안전성 문제, 사생활을 비밀과 자유의 문제도 언급하였다. 학생의 인권신장을 위한 정책적 과제로 체벌을 금지하는 법령개정, 학생들이 소중한 존재임을 인식시키는 교육, 지나친 경쟁위주의 교육풍토 개선, 법원에서 국제법규를 수용하는 적극적인 태도 변경, 권리 인식과 동시에 책임의 강조, 교사와 학생의 불신해소를 위한 소통의 원활화 등을 제의하였다.
Korea has developed rapidly in the political areas as well as the economic areas. The rights of students in schools, however, has been relatively ignored. The reasons could be the closed system of school organization and the `in loco parentis` doctrine. Korean government has ratified the Convention on the Rights of Child in 1991. It means the Convention is valid in Korea. The UN Committee of Rights of Child pointed out in its concluding observations to prohibit the corporal punishment in Korean schools, and to enforce the due process in the discipline of students. It also suggested to protect the students` rights of expression. This study analyzed the Korean statutes and legal cases of Korean Constitutional Court related with the corporal punishment, due process, and students` rights of expression. The other issues, such as the discrimination, the rights of education, school violence and safety problem, and the privacy were referred briefly. This study suggested several tasks to implement the major issues relating with the Convention on the Rights of Child. First, students should be conscious of the dignity of human beings including himself. Second, the Statutes of Education should be amended to prohibit the corporal punishment in schools. Third, the excessive competition for higher education entrance examination should be changed. Fourth, the Korean courts and Constitutional Court need to be more positive in accepting the international treaties including convention on rights of child. Fifth, the responsibilities which students must observe should be emphasized together with their rights. Finally, the communications between the students and teachers should be increased to clear up the distrust between them.
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