유대교 기독교 이슬람교 경전에 나타나는 예루살렘과 그 의미에 관한 소고

A Study on Jerusalem and Her Meaning in the Holy Books of Judaism, Christianity and Islam

Jerusalem in the Old Testament is first described as the capital of the kingdom of David. Jerusalem is also named as the house of the Lord and as the altar of burnt offering for Israel. In the latter part of the Old Testament, Jerusalem turns out to be Mount Moriah and she is called the City of the Holy. Jerusalem appears to be the center of the worship of the Lord not only for the Jews but also for the Gentiles. Jerusalem in the New Testament first reveals itself on the line of continuum that starts in the Old Testament. Jerusalem is described as the center of the Messianic fulfillment of the Old Testament prophecy. Jerusalem is described as the place of atonement and salvation, as the center of eschatological events, and as the birth place of the church. Jerusalem is presented also as the place where the history of Redemption will be completed. In addition, the New Testament refers to Jerusalem in heaven. The New Jerusalem, coming down from heaven at the end of the day, will replace the earthly Jerusalem and the reign of the Lord will be forever there. Jerusalem in the New Testament faces the completion of history. Jerusalem, indirectly described in the Quran, is marked as the special destination of the Prophet Muhammad’s mysterious night journey. Muslim scholars such as Hussein pay attention to the eschatological fate and meaning of Jerusalem. However, the total absence of the proper noun Jerusalem in the Quran seems to have a fundamental difference from the Jewish and Christian scriptures in the subject of Jerusalem.