The Moderating Effect of Compensation Type on Relationship between Service Failure and Customer Responses

서비스실패와 고객반응과의 관계에서 보상유형의 조절효과

Purpose - This paper proposes and tests a process of consumers to service failures that incorporates negative emotions and sympathy as the means to understand consumers behavioral responses(demands for reparations and retaliatory behaviors). First, This paper will learn about the consumers negative emotions that occur depending on service failure. Second, Consumers who are on the negative situation are not only focus on the negative emotions they are also focus on the moral emotions. So this paper will learn about the compassion that occur depending on service failure. Third, When consumers in a negative situation they will not just care about the negative reaction, but also exist permissive and tolerant. This paper assists to identify the real reason about the different responses of customers when they are in failures situations. In addition, this paper will provide in-depth insight on customer response in service failure . Fourth, This paper will determine the emotions occur depending on service failure if they will leads to any action’s reaction. Research design, data, and methodology – To achieve this goal, research hypotheses and models were developed from the theoretical background and verified by questionnaires. This researcher developed a scenario and a questionnaire to meet the service failure situation, and responded to the questionnaire after reading the scenarios to consumers in Jeju area using the restaurant service. A total of 312 data were used for empirical analysis. Results - First, consumers who experienced service failure not only feel negative emotions to employees, but also feel sympathy to employees. Second, negative emotions and sympathy have different effect on consumers behavioral responses. Consumers who feel negative emotions as a result of service failure are likely to negative word of mouth and switching action, while consumers who feel sympathy as a result of service failure are likely to weaken negative word of mouth and switching action. Third, the results show that the compensation type has no significant moderating effects on consumers behavioral responses. Conclusions - If a service failure occurs at the service site, the service marketing manager must manage not only the off-line but also an online customer who is dissatisfied with the purpose of retaliation for the failure of the service.