노자 『도덕경』에 담긴 포용교육 고찰

A Study on Inclusive Education from the Perspective of 『Laozi』

This research aims to reinterpret the ideas of Laozi which contended for embracing all forms of existence instead of differentiating them in an artificial manner. I will explore the features of Inclusion in Laozi and investigate how Inclusive Education can be employed. According to the Xuewenjiezi, Inclusion is the act of accepting and embracing something, just as a mother embraces her baby in love. There are various characteristics of Inclusion such as the Presence-Absence Win-Win, denial of Distinctive Knowledge, Pursuit of Emptiness and Silence, pursuit of Gentleness and Yielding. First, Laozi recognized the world as the Presence-Absence Win-Win. In other words, all things are mutually beneficial on the basis of one s opponent. Through the relationship between Being and Non-being, everything could coexist and be sustainable. This is applicable to unification education. Second, objectifying things through distinctive knowledge, distorts the way the world exists, and conflicts arise. Through denial of Distinctive Knowledge, we respect and preserve the diversity of things and we can make a harmonious society. This is typically important in multicultural education. Finally, we can reach fairness by emptying our minds and keeping them calm. And we are able to have an open mind when we have flexible thinking and a self-deprecating humility. This can be applied to education for the disabled for integration.