미국 USDA에서 도입한 수박 유전자원의 특성

Characterization of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Accessions Introduced from USDA

In this study, watermelon accessions introduced from the USDA were characterized for 12 morphological characteristics of leaf, flower, fruit, and seed, according to the National Agrobiodiversity Center descriptor list. In addition, to confirm the genetic composition of each watermelon accession, genetic profiling was performed using 20 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. A total of 154 watermelon accessions from the USDA were collected from 31 different countries, among which, 12.3% (19 accessions) were from Turkey. Morphological characterization revealed that the accessions displayed a large diversity. Genetic profiling using 20 SSR markers showed that six accessions (K192117, K192028, K193400, K192376, K192499, and K192800) were expected to be inbred lines among the 154 watermelon accessions. The 12 characters scored were analyzed using discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC). The result revealed 68.1% of the total variability and indicated variations among accessions, mainly based on fruit stripes and fruit shape along the longitudinal section. The accessions were divided into eight groups according to DAPC, although the geographical origin was not a great source for the grouping. Our results will be helpful for the efficient management of germplasms and in understanding and selecting watermelon accessions for the breeding process.