Effect of 0.1% Bromfenac for Preventing Macular Edema after Cataract Surgery in Patients with Diabetes

Purpose: To investigate the effect of 0.1% bromfenac sodium hydrate ophthalmic solution for prevention of macular edema after cataract surgery in patients with diabetes. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 75 patients with diabetes who underwent cataract surgery was performed. Thirty-eight patients (52 eyes) were instilled with 0.1% bromfenac solution (bromfenac group) and 37 patients (46 eyes) were not (control group). Results: There were no significant preoperative between-group differences. Compared to the control group, at 1 month after surgery, the bromfenac group showed slightly better best-corrected visual acuity (0.12 ± 0.12 vs. 0.32 ± 0.42, p = 0.142), lower central macular thickness (265.58 ± 31.28 vs. 314.15 ± 76.11 μm, p < 0.001), and lower macular volume (8.46 ± 0.60 vs. 9.14 ± 1.53 ㎣, p = 0.022). There were no significant differences between the two groups at 4 and 6 months postoperatively (p > 0.05). Mean changes in central macular thickness showed significant differences at 1 and 4 months postoperatively (-1.44 ± 11.72 and 10.44 ± 22.48 μm in bromfenac group vs. 47.19 ± 70.24 and 31.69 ± 48.04 μm in control group, p < 0.001 and p = 0.016) and mean changes in macular volume showed a significant difference at 1 month postoperatively (-0.08 ± 0.47 ㎣ in bromfenac group vs. 0.58 ± 1.28 ㎣ in control group, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences thereafter (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Treatment with 0.1% bromfenac sodium hydrate ophthalmic solution showed good efficacy for preventing cystoid macular edema early after cataract surgery in patients with diabetes.