교정공무원의 감정노동이 직무만족과 조직몰입에 미치는 영향

The Effect of Correctional Officers’ Emotional Labor on Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment: Focusing on job stress as a parameter

교정공무원들은 교정조직이 추구하는 목적달성에 중추적인 역할을 담당하며 이러한 역할수행은 사회구성원의 편안한 질서 유지에도 영향을 미치고 있다. 하지만 교정공무원에 관련한 연구는 아직도 미흡한 실정이고, 교정공무원들의 행위들이 감정노동이라는 맥락에서 이해되고 있지 못한 것이 연구현실이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 수용자의 인권을 강조하고, 인간중심적인 교화체계로 변화하고 있는 현시점에서 감정노동-직무스트레스-직무만족 및 조직몰입의 관계를 살펴보고자 한다. 연구대상은 경북지역 6개 교정기관에 소속된 교정공무원을 대상으로 조사를 실시하여 전체 500부를 배포하여 465부(93%)의 설문지가 회수되었다. 그러나 무응답과 불성실하게 응답한 설문지 28부를 제외한 437부를 최종 분석에 사용하였다본 연구의 주요 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교정공무원의 감정노동이 많을수록 직무만족이 낮아지는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 교정공무원의 감정노동과 직무만족, 조직몰입 간의 관계에서 직무스트레스의 조직체계, 관계갈등, 직무환경, 조직문화 매개효과가 있는 것으로 검증되었다. 조직체계와 조직문화로 인한 직무스트레스는 부정적인 매개역할을 하였고, 관계갈등과 직무환경은 긍정적인 매개역할을 한다는 것을 알 수 있다.

Corrections officers play a pivotal role in achieving the goals pursued by correctional organizations, and this role play also affects the comfortable maintenance of order for members in society. However, research on correctional officials is still insufficient, and in the reality of research, it is true that the actions of these correctional officers are not understood in the context of emotional labor. Therefore, at the present time, emphasizing the human rights of prisoners and changing to a human-centered system of edification, this study attempts to examine the relationship between emotional labor, job stress, job satisfaction and organizational commitment. This study aims to identify the direct effect of correctional officers emotional labor on job satisfaction and organizational commitment, and the indirect effect relationships where job stress, which has been affected by emotional labor and has been studied to affect job satisfaction and organizational commitment, that mediate the relationship between emotional labor, job satisfaction and organizational commitment. As for the subjects of the study, a survey was conducted for correctional officials belonging to six correctional institutions in Gyeongbuk province, and 465 copies (93%) of questionnaires were collected. However, 437 copies were used for the final analysis, except 28 questionnaires that responded unresponsively and unfaithfully. The main analysis results of this study are as follows. First, it is found that job satisfaction decreases as there is more emotional labor of correctional officers. Second, the mediating effect of job stress on organizational system, relationship conflict, job environment, organizational culture was verified in the relationship between emotional labor, job satisfaction and organizational commitment of correctional officials, and in the relationship between emotional labor, job satisfaction and organizational commitment, it can be seen that job stress due to organizational system, organizational culture plays a negative role as a mediator. job environment, relationship conflict, is found to play a positive mediating role.