『靈樞·海論』의 四海 輸穴 선정에 대한 고찰

A Study on Shu Points Selection of the Four Seas in Lingshu Hailun

목적 : 이 논문의 목적은 『靈樞·海論』에 나오는 四海 輸穴의 선정에 대해 고찰하는 것이다. 방법 : 四海의 유여와 부족에 따른 병증의 공통점과 각 輸穴의 효능 주치, 해부학적 부위, 특징을 살폈다. 결과 : 1. 四海 輸穴 선정은 대부분 효능 주치와 관련성이 높았으며, 四海의 유여와 부족에 따른 증상은 정신적인 부분이 내재된 공통점이 있었다. 또한 四海를 精氣神血과 연결시키면 髓海-精神, 氣海-氣, 血海-血이고, 水穀之海는 精氣神血을 자양하며, 四氣街와 연결시키면 髓海-頭氣有街, 氣海-胸氣有街, 水穀之海-腹氣有街 혹은 血海-腹氣有街, 水穀之海-脛氣有街와 연결된다. 결론 : 四海는 인체를 이루고 있는 精氣神血 등의 요소가 유여하거나 부족할 때에 氣가 집적되어 있는 輸穴을 취하여 가장 편리하게 精氣神血 구성 요소의 虛實을 조절한다고 생각하며, 臨床 치료에서 四海 輸穴을 정신적인 측면이 내재된 질환에 활용하여 치료 효과를 높일 수 있기를 기대해본다.

Objectives : To study the shu points selection of the Four Seas in the ｢Hailun｣ chapter of 『Lingshu』. Methods : The effects and main indications of each shu point, their anatomical position, characteristics along with similarities of disease patterns according to excessiveness and deficiency of the Four Seas were examined. Results : The selection of shu points of the Four Seas were deeply related to the effects and main indications, and the common similarity among conditions due to excessiveness and deficiency was the presence of psychological aspects. Also, when the Four Seas are connected to the Jing-Qi-Shen and Blood, marrow sea[髓海] is connected to Jing & Shen, qi sea[氣海] is connected to Qi, blood sea[血海] is connected to Blood, and sea of water and grain[水穀之海] replenishes Jing-Qi-Shen and Blood. When connected to the Four Qi Intersections, the marrow sea is connected to ‘head qi with intersection’, qi sea is connected to ‘chest qi with intersection’, sea of water and grain or blood sea is connected to ‘stomach qi with intersection’, otherwise sea of water and grain is connected to ‘shin qi with intersection’. Conclusions : The Four Seas are designated to the shu points due to their accumulation of Qi when the main elements of Jing-Qi-Shen and Blood are deficient or excessive, allowing for the most convenient management and manipulation of the condition of these main elements. In clinical practice, the shu points of the Four Seas will likely increase treatment efficacy for conditions that include psychological aspects.