피난유도자와 피난지연시간을 고려한 요양병원의 성능기반 피난안전성 평가

Performance-Based Evaluation on Egress Safety of Nursing Hospitals Considering Egress Guides and Delay Time

최근 고령인구가 증가함에 따라 요양병원의 수가 급속히 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 다만, 요양병원에는 거동이 어려운 환자들이 많아 화재발생시 신속한 피난이 어려우며, 이에 따라 큰 인명피해가 발생될 수 있다. 이 연구에서는 요양병원을 대상으로 화재·피난 시뮬레이션을 수행하였으며, 화재구획 위치, 피난유도자 수, 피난 지연시간에 따른 피난안전성을 평가하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과, 인명피해가 발생하지 않기 위해서는 법적기준을 만족하는 피난유도자의 수를 확보하거나 피난 지연시간이 60초 이하가 되도록 감소시켜야 하는 것으로 나타났다.

In recent years, the number of nursing hospitals has significantly increased as the number of elderly has increased. However, since there are many patients who have difficulty in moving quickly in the nursing hospitals, it is very hard to evacuate rapidly in the event of a fire, which results in many casualties. In this study, fire and evacuation simulations for the nursing hospital were performed, based on which the evacuation safety was evaluated in detail according to the location of the fire compartment, number of evacuation guides, and evacuation delay time. The simulation results showed that it is necessary to secure the number of evacuation guides complying with the legal standards, and to reduce the evacuation delay time to be less than 60 s in order to avoid loss of life.