FTA 직접피해보전제도와 미국 농업인 무역조정지원제도의 법･제도적 비교 연구

A Study on the Legal and Institutional Comparison between Korea’s FTA Direct Damage Compensation System and the US’s Trade Adjustment Assistance System for Farmers

The purpose of this study is to provide more accurate information and to seek legal and institutional measures to reduce social controversy and stakeholder conflicts related to FTA Direct Damage Compensation System. For this purpose, the similarities and differences between the US TAAF and Korea s FTA Direct Damage Compensation System were compared and the following implications were drawn. First, it is necessary to alleviate three requirements: total imports, FTA imports, and domestic prices. At the same time, individual farmers eligibility(application conditions) need to impose not only production or sales facts but also conditions that demonstrate the impact of falling prices, so that farmers with substantial income losses can be supported. Second, the HSK code for the analysis of import volume requirements, which is one of the requirements for FTA direct damage compensation, is very important. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the transparency of system operation by specifying the scope of HSK for each item in the law or the enforcement decree in detail. Third, in the case of compensation program for closing, the effect of the closing of a certain item has caused a ballooning effect, such as the increase in the cultivation area of another item of the same category, leading to a price drop. This is a simple aid, and it is impossible to control supply in the medium to long term. Therefore, rather than paying subsidies unconditionally, it is necessary to change the method to pay a certain amount of subsidies depending on whether or not to establish a conversion plan through education and consulting programs. This will free up the WTO regulations on domestic subsidies and effectively support farmers affected by FTA imports.