간호대학생의 문제해결능력 영향요인

Factors Influencing Problem Solving Ability among Nursing Students

급변하는 의료 현장에서 신속, 정확하게 자신의 업무를 수행하기 위해 간호대학생이 교과과정을 통해 형성해야 할 역량인 문제해결능력, 비판적 사고성향과 자기주도적 학습능력 수준을 파악하고자 2011년 3월 5일부터 3월 30일까지 네 개 대학의 간호대학생 393명을 대상으로 설문지를 이용하여 자료 수집하였다. PASW 18.0프로그램을 이용하여 분석한 결과 본 연구결과 간호대학생의 문제해결능력, 비판적 사고성향 및 자기주도적 학습능력은 중간수준이었으며 특히 해결책의 실행, 체계성과 학습실행이 낮았다. 비판적 사고성향과 자기주도적 학습능력이 높을수록 문제해결능력이 높았으며, 문제해결능력의 가장 큰 영향요인은 자기주도적 학습능력이었다. 상대적으로 낮은 수준을 나타낸 해결책의 실행, 체계성 및 학습실행 영역의 강화를 위한 전략개발이 필요할 것이다. 비판적 사고성향과 자기주도적 학습능력이 높을수록 문제해결능력이 높아지므로 이를 강화하기 위한 다양한 교수법을 활용한 교과과정 운영 및 교육환경 변화가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors influencing problem solving ability among nursing students. Methods: A descriptive survey design was used with convenience sample of 393 nursing students studying in four universities during March 2011. Results: The mean score for problem solving ability, critical thinking and self-directed learning ability were at the intermediate level, with the value of 3.30, 3.39, and 3.36 respectively. Subscales with the lowest mean scores were learning practice, systematicity, and solution implementation. There were significant mean differences in self-directed learning ability according to gender while those in problem solving ability according to year in university. There were significant mean differences in critical thinking and self-directed learning ability according to grade point average whereas those in self-directed learning ability according to satisfaction with nursing. Significant positive correlations among problem solving ability, critical thinking and self-directed learning ability were found. Factors influencing problem solving ability were self-directed learning ability, critical thinking and year in university which explained 47.2% of total variance. Conclusion: This findings provide encouragement to nurse educators to further apply new teaching strategies in nursing courses in order to improve problem solving ability, critical thinking and self-directed learning ability among nursing students.