Objective : The combined use of benzodiazepines and opioids is associated with an increased risk of severe side effects. The purpose of this study was to investigate how often both drugs were prescribed simultaneously in the outpatient settings in Korea. Methods ： This study used data from the Korea Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service-National Patient Sample (HIRA-NPS) 2013-2018. We included a total of 6,932,776 individuals and detected a total of 73,697,937 physician office visits among them. The annual co-prescription (of benzodiazepines and opioids) visits rates (the number of physician office visits per 100 adults) and also the co-prescription percentages were analyzed. Results ： We found an average of 7.5 concomitant prescription visits per 100 adults throughout the six-year study. The rates decreased consistently from 9.0 in 2013 to 6.0 in 2018 with an annual percentage change (APC) of -8.5 [-10.1, -6.8] (95% confidence interval). The opioids were co-prescribed in 14.2% of visits in which benzodiazepine was prescribed. The percentage also decreased from 14.7% in 2013 to 13.1% in 2018, with an APC of -2.6% [-4.2, -1.0]. Conclusion : Our results suggest that benzodiazepines and opioids co-prescription decreased significantly in Korea’s outpatient settings recently based on the HIRA data.
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