新羅 道路의 構造와 性格

The Structure and the Character of the Shilla Road

The purpose of this study is to investigate the character of the Shilla road through the structure and the characteristics of the road examined in the area of the Shilla period and it was looked into, classified broadly into two groups as Wangkyung(Gyeongju) district road and local road. As for the structure and the character of the Shilla road identified through archeological excavation research-the scale of the road width, road repair and reconstruction, construction method, irrigation canals, road linear and the width of the wheel mark, the summary is as follows: A straight road system by city planning is constructed in the Wangkyung (Gyeongju) district and divided into main road, middle road and narrow road. Irrigation canals are set up, lined up the road and divided into the construction using stone and the construction by just digging and irrigation canals aren t set up in a part of the road in certain circumstances. Besides, it is identified that the road was used constantly through several repair and reconstruction. The local road is divided into paved road and unpaved road and it can be judged for some of them to have a good possibility of having been used for official road. The pavement was narrowly constructed in width in comparison with Wangkyung district and it can be estimated it is because the effect of the Capital system of China and frequent moving quantity of human․material resources can be activated as a cause. Irrigation canals are set up, excavated without using stone or frequently unestablished. In regarding of the road construction and using period, as a result of the examination of the remains excavated in the road, the earliest road is in the remains of No. 556 Inwangdong in Wangkyung, recorded from early to middle of 6C in a chronological order and in that excavated remains of the Unified Shilla Period in 7C～8C of are found out on the top side of the road most of other historic places, it can be judged that the road may have been already constructed before. And some of the road can be estimated to have been constructed in Three Kingdom Period and used till Joseon Period. As a result of the data of China and Japan to examine the characteristics of Shilla road, it is identified that those days Shilla and Japan was effected considerably by the Capital system of China, but it can be judged that city was constructed depending on geographical feature by each city in details. Research on ancient road is still in first stage and this study tried simple approach by presenting data. For further study, there should be found out lots of subjects such as comparative research with documents and problems of interchange between central region and locality through the road, problems of regional interchange, the aspects of city planning between central city of the community.