미국통상정책의 변화에 따른 USMCA의 발효와 전망에 관한 연구

A Study on the Effects and Prospects of the USMCA Following Transformation in American Trade Policy

Purpose - This paper analyzes the effects and prospects of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement following recent changes in international trade policy, especially American trade policy. Design/Methodology/Approach - In this study, to analyze the effects and prospects of the USMCA, it is analyzed through the literature research method, and in this regard, domestic and foreign literature and internet data are used. Findings - Despite some concerns, such as an increase in consumer burden arising from an increase in automobile production costs, the evaluation of the USMCA in effect in the US is generally positive. The industry is generally satisfied with the improved trade conditions, with expectations that trade uncertainties will be resolved and will help promote economic growth. In addition, the restrictions on the promotion of bilateral FTAs with non-market economies specified in Article 10 of Chapter 32 of the USMCA are actually interpreted as measures to block China in the North American economy. In some cases, if the provision is asserted in trade agreements with the EU, the UK, and Japan being promoted by the US, it is expected that it will have a negative impact on the global trade environment. Research Implications - Experts emphasize that it is important to strengthen cooperation with buyers through diversification of entry methods and technology cooperative development as a countermeasure of Korean companies to USMCA, which replaces NAFTA. With the strengthening of the USMCA stance, where the availability of local production facilities is more important than in the past, the strategy to enter the market through local investment is becoming more important. Accordingly, it is expected that auto parts companies with factories in Korea will also need to move their production lines to the US or Mexico in consideration of the supplier. Therefore, the Korean automobile industry will also need to devise a countermeasure strategy following the entry into force of the USMCA.