金鉉九의 재미언론활동과 독립운동

Henry Kim’s Press Activities in the U.S. and Independence Movement

The purpose of this thesis is to understand the significance of the activities of Henry Kim’s who lead the independence movement of Korea and the integrated movement of the Korean society in the US. Henry Kim, who was born in Okcheon, Chungcheongbukdo in 1889, was influenced by the Enlightenment and went to the US to study where he started his career in the independence movement in the Korean Students’ Alliance and the Korean National Association(KNA). In particular, Kim published the Korean Students’ Review, which is the first English magazine published by Korean-Americans, in co-operation with other Korean students who graduated from the Korean Youth Military Academy. At the end of 1918, Kim organized Korean Students’ Alliance representing intellectuals of the Korean society in the US and published the Korean Publication. Kim, at this time, concentrated on publishing magazines written in English as he believed that revealing Japan’s aggressive greed through academic media would contribute to the independence of Korea. When the Korean society in the US was divided into three political factions, Syngman-Rhee, Yong-man Park and Chang-ho Ahn, Henry Kim emphasized the importance of the integration of the Korean society and the necessity of ‘the organization-based independence movement’ in the article of the KNA’s Bulletin. Kim maintained that it was important to establish relations among the KNA, the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea(PGRK) and the Korean Commision to America and Europe. He maintained that the PGRK is the headquarters of the KNA and the Korean Commision to America and Europe is a branch. Therefore, Kim, as a member, tried to maintain thr Korean Commision to America and Europe by fund-raising even in its declination. In 1930, when Rhee tried to re-organize the Korean society in Hawaii under his control, Kim lead the anti-Rhee movement representing Korean National Association. The conflict between Kim and Rhee was caused by the difference in their opinions regarding organizing groups, the integration of the Korean society and the Independence Movement Plan. Despite Rhee’s endeavor to reshuffle the Korean society in Hawaii under his control, KNA was re-established in Hawaii in 1934 as a result of Kim’s Independence Movement Plan. After establishing United Korean Committee in America(UKC) in 1940s, Henry Kim concentrated on the integration movement of the Korean society in the US. After he was appointed as a member of the National Defence Committee in the Honolulu Office of UKC, Kim supported PGRK and conducted propaganda projects. While Rhee’s Dongji Hoi and UKC were under conflict regarding the issue of Korean Commission, the board members of UKC fiercely criticized Rhee. However, Kim argued that it was more important to unite Korean organizations than to hold on to the anti-Rhee policy upon the imminent Korean independence. Henry Kim endeavored for the alliance of the Korean society in the US and the Independence Movement of Korea between 1910s and 1940s. He argued, from articles on media, that it was necessary to use diplomatic tactics in parallel with armed struggle. When Rhee tried to re-organnize the Korean society under his control in the absence of Yong-man Park, Chang-ho Ahn, Henry Kim emphasized the importance of ‘the organization-based independence movement.’ Based on Kim’s insistence, the KNA’s in the US and Hawaii supported the independence movement together and UKC could be launched. Henry Kim, who devoted most of his life to the Independence Movement, could stand high in estimation for his critical contribution to the alliance of the Korean society in the US.