일본 해군 수로부의 오키 측량과 독도 인식

Survey of Oki Island by Japanese Navy Hydrographic Service and Its Recognition of Dokdo

The purpose of this paper is to reveal the falsehood of Japan’s claim on Dokdo by referring to newly discovered documents which verify the fact that Japanese Navy Hydrographic Service recognized Dokdo as Korean territory before Japan’s usurpation of Dokdo. Japanese Navy Hydrographic Service was the agency that recognized the territoriality of islands precisely and represented Japan’s official position on the issue. Survey Director Kimotsuki Kaneyuki recorded exactly in his survey report that the location of Oki island was in Lat. 35 57 N~36 18 N and in Long. 132 ~133 23 E. He did not included Dokdo within that range. As he clearly recognized Dokdo as Korean territory, he neither made a survey nor kept a record of Dokdo. Dokdo was also not indicated in the maps that showed the whole routes of the second and third voyages around Japanese archipelago made by Ship Tsukuba in 1879 and 1883. Kato Shigenari conducted a survey of Oki island in 1884 and confirmed that Dokdo is beyond the range of Oki island by recording the location of Oki island in Lat. 35 55 N~36 27 N and in Long. 132 44 ~133 31 E. These facts verify that Japanese government recognized exactly Dokdo as Korean territory. The survey made by Japanese Navy Hydrographic Service had affected cartography by 1904, just before Japan’s usurpation of Dokdo, and Dokdo was not indicated in any map. It is noteworthy that the contents of Complete Map of Oki which was mentioned in Hwanyeong-suroji(1886) accorded with those in Eungi-hoehang-yakki written by Kimotsuki. The facts that Hwanyeong-suroji was published with the approval of Hydrographic Service Director and that it provided basic data for publishing Chosun-suroji and Ilbon-suroji before 1905 reveal that Kimotsuki’s recognition of Dokdo as Korean territory was clearly shared as an official opinion by Japanese Navy Hydrographic Service and Japanese Government. This is also revealed in Ganhaeng-Suroji-Saegindo, published by Hydrographic Service in April 1908. Both Chosun-suroji and Ilbon-suroji published before February 1905 recorded that Dokdo is Korean territory and Kimotsuki wrote the introduction for them. Thus it cannot be denied that he knew Dokdo as Korean territory more clearly than anybody else. Nevertheless, Kimotsuki instigated Nakai Yozaburo to change his original plan to submit a license application to Korean government and made the application submitted to Japanese government. This shows that Kimotsuki’s justification on the usurpation of Dokdo as terra nullius was a sophistry that denied truth and a betrayal of his conscience.