연합군총사령부(GHQ/SCAP)의 재일한인 귀환 정책

A Study on General Headquaters/Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers’s the Repatriation Policy of Koreans in Japan

This study focus on the GHQ/SCAP(General Headquarters/Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers)’s repatriation policy of the Koreans in Japan. GHQ/SCAP was the competent authorities that administer occupation policy of Japan and postwar East Asia. GHQ/SCAP was in charge of coordinating processing of war between Britain, China and the Soviet Union while represents United States as a General Headquarters of Pacific Army. After the war, South Korea was independent. However, the Allies assumed the trusteeship, and to find ways to realize about this. And United States was looking for future measures for Koreans in Japan during the Pacific War. U.S. State Department was discussed issues of repatriating Overseas Koreans and their nationality. U.S. State Department decided to neglect adapt to Repatriation of Koreans in Japan. Meanwhile, they was concerned that the korean will remain in Japan to be ‘unstable elements’ or ‘threat power’. Repatriation of Koreans progressed incidentally to the Repatriation of the Japanese after World WarⅡ. And Return of Koreans in Japan have slowed since 1946. GHQ/SCAP was actively promoting the repatriation of Koreans. On the other hand, GHQ/SCAP is implement policies to Koreans that it was oppressive and discriminatory enforce. This gave a great antipathy to the Koreans in Japan. Koreans is reduced who hope to return to oneself’s country. And It was resulted that Koreans in Japan organized ethnic groups and to resist aggressively. U.S. Army Military Government in Korea(USAMGIK) make several times requested for temporary postpone of repatriation. At that time, USAMGIK cited the increasing of economical and social unrest. Koreans in japan were recognized as an obstacle of the occupation policy, the government did not accept the request. Rather to eased regulation of repatriation for facilitate the repatriation of Koreans. GHQ took an aggressive stance on security control, Also, Japanese government took as an opportunity for control to Korean in japan. Police organization of Japanese government checked Korean explicitly and secured the control to Korean. Japanese society also derogatory and condemning the Korean, and pressured for minorities went. About 600,000 Korean in Japan remain in the Japan, they made prototype of Korean community in Japan.