衡平社의 성격변화와 쇠퇴

The Character Change and Weakening of Hyongpyongsa

Hyongpyeongsa established for the purpose of protecting the rights and interests of butchers in 1923 was moved gradually to the left. The reason was from the cooperation of social movement which was spreading at that moment. The cooperation of social movement was useful for the social equality movement earlier but it was dangerous in the Japanese Empire point of view. It was because the Japanese Empire legislated the Maintenance of 『the public Order Act』 in 1925 in order to suppress socialism. The suppression of Japanese Empire on socialism led to the event of Cheongnyon Chonwi Society for social equality (Hyeongpyong Cheongnyon Chonwi Dongmeng) in 1933. The event led to the collapse of the radicals of Hyongpyongsa and balance of the internal power and the group changed into Daedongsa in the tendency of pro-Japanese. The previous researches in this background were enacted the event of Chonwi Society by manipulation of Japanese Empire. With the chance of invasion to Manchuria in 1931, Japanese Empire imprisoned the radical wing of Hyongpyongsa in order to control oxhide, the war supplies and intended to establish the Daedongsa by delaying the trial on purpose. However, it was investigated the fact that the event of Chonwi Society is hard to connect with oxhide control when it was seen from ≪the statistical Year Book of the Government-General in Korea(朝鮮總督府統計年報)≫ and ≪A factory list in colonial korea(朝鮮工場名簿)≫ and rather than that, it was found that it occurred by engaging the suppression of thoughts from Japanese Empire strengthening with the movement to the left of Hyongpyonsa. After the event of Chonwi Society, Hyongpyonsa changed the group name to Daedongsa and tended to be more conservative and starting from the Sino-Japanese War in 1937, they entered into a war basis and changed to active pro-Japanese forced labor group. The measure was to prevent the suppression on them in advance and furthermore, to protect economic rights of Daedongsa. However, Daedongsa was finally deteriorated because protection of rights and affirmative action on ohxide and beefwhich Daedongsa devoted itself came into conflict with controlpolicy under the war system of Japanese Empire. Also the suppression of thoughts wasthe important reason of deterioration. Even though the radical group within Hyongpyonsa was collapsed and the group changed into Daedongsa due to the event of Cheonw Soceity, Daedongsawas fingered as a group to watch by Japanese Empire and the consistent surveillance and suppression were indulged. Daedongsa who couldn’t avoid a poor record in this situation changed the group name into Hyongpyonsa again to plan a comeback but it is judged that the activity like that was difficult to produce actual result. The economic and social control strengthensby day by day of Japanese Empire under war system led to deteriorate even Daedongsa characterized with pro-Japanese.