1920년대 이여성의 세계관과 민족해방운동론

The Life and Idea of Lee Yeo-seong in the 1920 s

Lee Yeo-seong(1901~?), both an ideologue and critical adviser of the social democracy of Yeo Un-hyeong, the leader of the center-left, served to establish the new nation through Movement to unite the Left and the Right and National United Front just after its liberation. The purpose of this thesis is to search for the theoretical foundation of the center-left, post liberation, through the perspective of Lee’s thoughts in the 1920s. Lee, convicted of being a strong nationalist and active participant in the March 1st Movement - an independence movement against Japanese imperialism - served time in prison, after which he went to Tokyo, Japan and become a socialist. His theory on national independence movement was Line of a Legitimate Proletariat Political Party and Line of the National United Front, which were compound of nationalism, socialism and democracy. It was that the proletariat should strive to form a legitimate political party, become a majority in the parliament to secure bourgeois democracy and, at the same time, affiliate itself with nationalism to defeat Japanese Imperialism. The political system of the new independent country that he devised matches the parliament-centered bourgeois democratic system, which is the goal of Line of the Left Lawful Political Movement. If achieved, the new country would inevitably be expected to be a proletariat democracy. Lee’s national liberation movement theory evidently implies the sole purpose of social democracy: 1) every individual’s right to vote and democratic participation in politics 2) realization of legitimate political parties involvement 3) pursuing not an under-ground party but an official political party, 4) cooperation and coexistence of nationalism and socialism 5) national independence. His social democracy was not the type directly imported from the West, but the spontaneously reconstructed socialism and nationalism under the name of democracy, faced with the immediate issue of national liberation. Therefore, it can be argued that communism in Korea was divided into Bolshevism and social democracy since the 1920’s import of the idea through Lee’s work and theory, and that the national liberation movement theory was Line of the National United Front and Line of a Legitimate Proletariat Political Party, which imply social democracy. However, such social democracy was spontaneous and was limited due to the fact that social democracy and Bolshevism were not yet clearly distinguished. Although Lee’s national socialism and social democracy theory became a ideological base of Yeo’s center-left movement after independence, its limit also became a significant obstacle which caused center-the left not to be able to secure its position in post-liberated Korean society.