1969~1971년 국내외 정세변화와 학생운동세력의 현실인식

Student Movement Groups’ Perception of Changes in International and Domestic Politics from 1969~1971

This article focused on the time period of 1969~1971 and is also based on a critical argument that it is significant to look upon this time period as a transition period (轉換期). As already known, there were huge changes in international and domestic politics in this time period, such as Nixon Doctrine, U.S-China Detente, the Constitutional Amendment for Third Term, the Proclamation of national emergency. We need to pay attention to the fact that in early 1970s, the majority of the people of South Korea recognized the Korean society undergoing transition period. They also recognized that the rapidly changing international and domestic situation would require themselves to fundamentally switch their attitude toward Cold war and international relation. Consequently, they began viewing Northeast Asian international relations and N.K-S.K relation with a new perspective. University student movement groups had paid attention to changing circumstances within and beyond the boundary of the nation at the same time. Then, they came to define the situation as a revolutionary transition period . They had thought this current of changes toward pro-democracy and pro-unification would provide critical momentum for them. So, in a revolutionary transition period , they believed they should deploy movement for democracy, reunification and national autonomy. In doing so, student had used this particular term, revolutionary to define the changing world order as a momentum they need, but what they actually did was far from radical idealism the term should represent. In fact, the main concern of student activists in domestic level was recover democratic system. And their main concern in international level was to lay cornerstones for reciprocal reunification by resolving tension between north and south. This time, the students awareness was rather practical and concrete than abstract and ideological.