대한제국 말기 일제의 경성감옥 설치와 본감·분감제 시행

The Establishment of Kyungsung-gamok and the Operation of Bongam Bungam System of Japanese : Imperialism at the End of the Korea Empire

This paper analyses the Kyngsung-gamok and the prisons in the national 16 districts which were established in the process of aggression of Japanese imperialism at the end of the Korea Empire Choseon tried to promote independently the modernization of prison system for an imprisonment with hard labor. But it was frustrated by the aggression of Japanese imperialism, such as the korean-Japan protocol in 1904 and the Eulsa treaty in 1905. The Japanese imperialism wanted to govern the prisons for centralization of Korean society control system, centering on Tonggambu which was its government organ. For it, Kyungsung-gamok was established in April, 1908. At the same time, total 8 Bonggamok were set up in the national 7 districts and seoul. The number of imprisonment persons increased rapidly after the Bongam had begun in earnest. The Japanese imperialism expanded and reinforced the government and the control for Koreans through establishing prisons in the entire Korea. In Oct. 1908, Kyungsung-gamok was moved into newly built prison in Hyunjeo-dong Seodaemun Seoul. This place was center of the north Korea, and it was a path for many people and many goods. This newly built Kyungsung-gamok could remove potential anti-Japan of common people including anti-Japan fighters, and it acted as the symbol of the control and the surveillance. After that, Japanese imperialism established Bungam in the 8major districts in Nov. 1908. With this total 16 prisons were set up in the nation. The establishments and the spreading all over the world of prisons were the process of infiltration of colonialization. At the same time, that was the expansion of korean control system for colonialization. As a result , the establishment of Kyungsung-gamok and the operation of Bongam and Bungam system were acted as the control and the surveillance for the common people including the anti-Japan fighters. Also those made koreans obey absolutely Japanese imperialism.