韓人의 內蒙古 地域 移住에 관한 연구

A Research Regarding the Emigration of the Korean People Towards Inner Mongolia

The objective of this thesis is to reveal the reasons and the processes of the Korean emigration toward Inner Mongolia. Most Koreans emigrated to Inner Mongolia for economic reasons. The emigration of the Koreans to Inner Mongolia happened in four phases. As workers during the Eastern Qing Railroad construction, for the independence movement, propelled by Japanese imperialism and by the Chinese Government’s arrangement. Let’s study the reasons and the processes of the four periods. First, in 1896 the Eastern Qing Rail construction became a factor. After the ground breaking ceremony in 1897, about 200,000 people went to the Eastern Qing Rail construction site as workers. Among them were the Korean Emigrants to Inner Mongolia. The people who previously emigrated to Manchu and Primorski, also went as workers for the Eastern Qing Rail s construction, and eventually settled permanently in Inner Mongolia. The main purpose of the emigration to Inner Mongolia was the Eastern Qing Rail construction. Second, Inner Mongolia became a base to propel an independence movement in the first half of the year 1920. After the Japanese imperialists seized the national right, the Korean people discovered the intention of the Japanese imperialists, and rapidly sought to create a base for independent movements. An Chang Ho, Kim Chang Sook and Park Yong Man developed an interest in Inner Mongolia, but could not reach a satisfactory result for their movement. Nevertheless, due to the effort of these brave people, Cho Pyong Jun of So Kan Do succeeded to convince 80 families to emigrate to Baotou in Inner Mongolia. His success led to a victorious establishment of the ‘independent movement base’, long awaited by the Koreans. Third, the Japanese imperialists created some policies to send Koreans abroad to work. Among those policies, they created the ‘Manmeng policy’ which purposed to send Koreans to cultivation groups in the year 1930. In 1927 Japan establish the Ministry of Tanaka. To materialize this policy, the Japanese imperialists did not only send their compatriots, but Korean people were also obliged to emigrate to Manchu and Inner Mongolian regions. Fourth, after the establishment of the Chinese Government, the Chinese created the ‘borderlands development project’. To achieve the goal of the project, some Koreans were directed to emigrate to Inner Mongolia. The Chinese Government realized that, the Korean people possessed diligent characteristics, a high educational level and superior skills in rice cultivation. Consequently, the government couldn’t help but to use the Chosen people to raise their falling economic.