충북선 부설의 지역사적 성격

Construction of the Chungbuk Railroad and the Change of the areas

The purpose of this research is to study the process of Chungbuk Railroad and to find characteristic changes of the surrounded areas according to it. Chungbuk Railroad runs from Jochiwon to Jecheon. It was built in 4 steps. First step was built Jochiwon to Choengju in 1921, Second step was built Cheongju to Jeungpyeong in 1923, Third step built Jeungpyeong to chungju in 1928, Forth step was finally built Chungju to Jecheon and was fully opened in 1959. Chungbuk Railroad functioned as the main transportation of Chungbuk province during japanese colonization. Chungbuk Railroad was the main transportation of middle and north Chungbuk province. It encouraged the cultural interchange between the surrounded areas and also accelerated the invasion of Japan by providing the faster transportation. The immigration of Japanese to Chosun strongly worked as the power of Japanese’s invasion to Chosun dynasty. Therefore it is natural that the construction of railroads had very close functional relation with colonial exploitation of imperialism. Chungbuk railroad was not the exception. Furthermore Chungbuk was the main means of physical distribution during Japanese colonization and had become the dominant cause of the economic change. Mainly industrial products from outside Chungbuk came in and agricultural products such as rice, beans, cotten, tobacco and the mine resources out flowed. It was unfair physical distribution structure. It held Chungbuk areas as an agricultural belt and worked as one of functional caused of the long term maintaining low development by delaying industrialization of the areas. This structure maintained after the liberation. After the liberation Chungbuk railroad extended and opened from Jecheon to Bongyang not by Japan but by the fund of USA in 1959. It was not for the development of Chungbuk province itself but for the industrial reason to carry mine products from Jecheon, Danyang, and Youngwol. For the function and the role of Chungbuk railroad set during Japanese colonization lasted until 1970 without main changes. The main regional change caused by Chungbuk railroad operation was the restructure of the regional space structure. Chungbuk railroad which runs Jochiwon to Chungju formed Cheongju- Chungju main regional structure centering Cheongju where was the seat of a provincial office. Jecheon entered into Cheongju-Chungju main regional structure later in 1960s. In the contrary, the areas where Chungbuk railroad didn’t reach, Danyang, Boeun, Jindheon, Okcheon, and Youngdong had tendency to be avoided or decentralized form the center of Chungbuk province for long time. It was basically on the extended line of Kyoungbuk railroad. Chungbuk railroad which was the branch line of it functioned as the connecting line. For that the areas where was far or isolated from Chungbuk railroad was avoided and decentralized even though it was in the boundary of Chungbuk. The original form was still not dissolved yet and displayed its negative influences.