푸코의 ‘헤테로토피아’를 통해서 본 수췬(舒群)의 『바다의 피안(海的彼岸)』

Shu Qun’s Novel “The Pian-nivana of the Sea” Understood through by Foucault s “Heterotopia”

수췬(舒群)이 쓴 단편소설 『바다의 피안』은 조국을 등지고 중국 ‘상하이’라는 새로운 삶을 찾아 떠나는 조선인의 삶을 매우 감성적이면서도 극적으로 잘 묘사하고 있다. 수췬(舒群)은 동북작가 출신으로 자신의 디아스포라의 경험으로 조선인의 디아스포라를 진솔하게 작품으로 그려보고자 했다. 그것이 바로 『바다의 피안』이다. ‘피안(彼岸)’의 의미 설정에서 푸코가 일찍이 주장하였던 ‘헤테로토피아’의 개념과 서로 관계가 있음을 알 수 있겠다.

The short novel “The Pian-nivana of the Sea”, written by Shu Qun, describes the life of a Korean who leaves behind his homeland and seeks a new life in Shanghai, China, very emotionally and dramatically. Shu Qun is a writer who knows and understands the lives of the Joseon people as a member of the Northeast Writers Army. With his own experience of diaspora, Shu Qun wanted to portray the diaspora of Joseon people in a sincere manner. That s ‘Nivana of the Sea’. In setting the meaning of “pian-nivana”, we can see that it is related to the concept of “heterotopia” that Foucault had earlier claimed. The space of Shanghai, China, described in “pian-nivana”, was one heterotopia for the protagonist who left in search of freedom. But at the same time that his mother visits him to see his son, he becomes another heterotopic who loses his freedom. It works as Heterotopia, a space of openness and closure, where one cannot meet his mother who gets off the ship to avoid the snow of Japan s closed-door government and cannot freely enter the house where his mother is staying.