대만 다문화정책의 경향성 연구

A Study on Tendency of the Multicultural Policy in Taiwan

Taiwanese society is originally a multi-ethnic society composed of four nations which are the Aboriginal nation, the Hakkas, the Taiwanese people and the Mainlanders. Afterwards, with the increase of international marriage, it is believed that the marriage immigrants has become the fifth social group and there is more and more attention to the multicultural society. This study analyzes the tendency of multicultural policy in terms of the environmental and policy changes due to the increase of the mainland spouses and foreign spouses after the lifting of martial law in late 1980s. In Taiwan, the multicultural policy is involved by local governments and various civil society organizations under the leadership of the central government, decentralization of authority emerged gradually. The central government is responsible for establishing the multicultural laws and planning, and the operating the dedicated multicultural organizations. The local governments are responsible for providing multicultural policy services to foreign and mainland spouses. The Taiwanese government has provided a wide range of services for marriage immigrants and the children of multicultural families, promoted the national New Inhabitant Torch Project, reduced the divorce rate, and reduced the unequal treatment on the mainland spouses. Based on the analysis of multicultural policy in Taiwan, this study has implied that the decentralization of authority in multicultural policy, the use of the special funds for multicultural policy, and the multicultural policy have made policy implications of such a paradigm shift to a multiculturalism.