The drive for efficiency in national development and for balanced regional development in Korea is expected to give an impetus to public sector relocation away from Seoul and its surrounding Metropolitan region. This provides opportunities for regional development similar to those in business support operations in the private sector. In assessing such opportunities, the paper looks at the economic benefits and costs of public sector relocation and the background to the relocation of public bodies and the motivation factors underlying it. Additionally, it introduces the relocation experiences of the UK, Ireland, and France and discusses the policy implications for Korean central and local government as well. It concludes that public sector relocation policy in Korea should be closely connected with the direction of regional policy being established at local level.