Clinical Features of Strabismus in Patients with Congenital Optic Disc Anomaly

Purpose: To investigate the clinical features of strabismus in patients with congenital optic disc anomaly and compare andanalyze the characteristics of patients who showed changes in the strabismus pattern with those who did not. Methods: Medical records of the patients who were diagnosed with both strabismus and congenital optic disc anomaly andfollowed-up for ≥1 year were reviewed retrospectively. Clinical characteristics and ophthalmic features at the initial visit andfinal follow-up were assessed. Patients with a change in the direction of strabismus or a difference of >10 prism diopters inthe deviation angle during the follow-up period were allocated to the changed group. The remaining patients were assignedto the unchanged group. The clinical characteristics of the two groups were compared. Results: Twenty-eight patients (15 boys) were included (mean age, 39.0 months; range, 5–150 months). Three (10.7%) patientswere born preterm and four (14.3%) had other underlying systemic disease. Sixteen (57.1%) patients had exotropia, and12 (42.9%) had esotropia. Concurrent vertical strabismus was present in three (10.7%) patients. Strabismus features changedin 14 (50.0%, changed group) patients and remained unchanged in 14 (50.0%, unchanged group) patients. Age, sex, and lateralitydid not differ between groups. Preterm birth history (n = 3) and combined systemic disease (n = 4) were only observed inthe changed group (p = 0.111 and p = 0.049, respectively). Conclusions: Considering the possibility of changes in strabismic features, close monitoring of patients with strabismus combinedwith congenital disc anomaly is essential, particularly in those with preterm birth history or underlying systemic conditions.