해상운송을 위한 자율운항선박 상용화(商用化)에 관한 소고

Advice on the Commercialization of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships for Maritime Transportation

As technology development for maritime autonomous ships has been carried out around the world, considerable discussions have already been made on the definition of autonomous ships, equipment standards, and regulations for operation in preparation for the introduction of maritime autonomous ships. However, no specific discussion has yet been made on the responsibility and compensation system for the commercial use of maritime autonomous ships. In this paper, according to the classification of maritime autonomous ships by development stage proposed by the National Maritime Organization(IMO), the possibility of applying the regulations of the Commercial Act (marine flight) to maritime autonomous ships that are completely different from the conventional ship operation type was reviewed. First, the traditional concept of human airworthiness will change. In the case of maritime autonomous ships in the 3rd and 4th stages, crew members such as the captain will no longer be on board, and a new type of professional manpower called land navigation managers will emerge. However, since the position and role of the land navigation manager is still unclear, it will be necessary to establish the correct role through a careful approach and collecting opinions. It is considered desirable to have a land navigation manager with a level that can replace the existing captain s qualifications and experience. Accordingly, it will be necessary to establish a system of responsibility for ship owners and land navigation managers. Second, when maritime autonomous ships are introduced, changes in maritime insurance will be inevitable because they are operated by land navigation managers or artificial intelligence systems(AI). Unlike technical development and public legal discussions related to maritime autonomous ships, judicial discussions related to liability systems and insurance for maritime autonomous ships are insufficient. If there is an improvement in the legal system that can supplement this according to the utilization plan of maritime autonomous ships, various views on legal issues are expected to be presented.