소득활동에 따른 노령연금의 근로유인효과 분석

Effects of the Old-Age Pension Benefit Reductions on the Labor Supply

본 연구는 국민연금의 소득활동에 따른 노령연금 제도가 노인들의 근로활동에 미치는 영향에 대해 분석하였다. 이를 위해 제5~7차(2013∼2017년)국민노후보장패널 자료를 이용하여 소득활동에 따른 노령연금 수급자를 선별하고, 소득 활동에 따른 노령연금의 수급여부(감액여부)가 소득활동 여부, 근로일수, 소득에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 분석결과, 소득활동에 따른 노령연금의 수급 여부는 수급자의 소득활동, 근로시간, 근로소득에 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 노인들의 근로유인 제고를 위해 소득활동에 따른 노령연금을 폐지하는 것에 신중해야 함을 시사한다.

When Oldage pension beneficiary’s monthly income excesses the earning test rule of the National Pension Act, the person benefit is reduced. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of the Oldage pension benefit reduction on the labor force activity of pensioners aged between 60 to 64. This study measures the labor force activity by using labor participation status, hours of work, and earned income as dependent variables. To examine the effect of Oldage pension benefit reductions, we use the fifth, sixth, seventh waves of Korean Retirement and Income Study and use Probit model, GLS model, and Tobit model with dependent variables. We find that there is no significant relationship between the Oldage pension benefit reduction on the labor force activity of workers aged between 60 to 64. However, the labor participation status in two years ago and the number of household members in last year are significantly associated with the status of labor participation in this year. In addition, the health status and the earned income in last year significantly effect on the hours of work in this year. Lastly, the health status, the number of household members, labor participation status in two years ago are significantly associated with the earned income in this year.