무역창업가의 창의사고가 기업가정신에 미치는 영향

An Influential Study of Creative Thinking by International Trade Entrepreneur on Entrepreneurship

무역창업가들의 창의적 사고는 무역 창업의 동기요인으로 작용하지만, 반드시 기업가정신의 혁신성, 진취성, 위험감수성 등의 성과로 연결되지는 않는다. 그 이유는 창업가가 직면하는 위험과 국제무역에서 발생하는 무역장벽이 병존하기 때문이다. 본 연구에서는 무역창업가가 보유하고 있는 창의적 사고가 과연 기업가정신에 유의하게 영향성을 미치는지와 무역 창업교육 프로그램의 효과성을 검증하고자 한다. 연구 결과 및 시사점은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 영역 관련지식, 창의적 사고기술, 내재적 직무동기의 창의사고가 혁신성에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 영역 관련 지식과 창의적 사고기술이 진취성에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치지만, 내재적 직무동기는 유의하지 않은 것으로 밝혀졌다. 셋째, 창의적 사고기술 변수만이 위험감수성에 유의하게 정(+)의 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 무역 창업교육 경험의 조절 효과는 창의적 사고 기술과 기업가정신 간의 경로에서만 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 무역 창업 및 관련 교육과정에서 무역기업에 필요한 창의적 사고기술과 혁신성을 높일 수 있는 구체적인 교육 프로그램 보완이 필요하다.

Creative thinking becomes important subject in entrepreneurship study. This paper incorporates the research construct of creative thinking by international entrepreneur and investigates its relationship with entrepreneurship. The results are controversial in previous researches. The paper first suggests the properties of creative thinking and classifies it into three variables of domain-related knowledge, creative thinking skill, and intrinsic job motivation. Second, the paper performs multiple hypotheses tests explaining the relationships between creative thinking and entrepreneurship variables with entrepreneurship education and training. The results are as follows. First, the creative thinking mostly makes significant impact on the entrepreneur’s entrepreneurship except few cases. Among three variables, the creative thinking skill is the most important factor because it always makes consistently significant impacts on the entrepreneurship. In addition, the moderating effect of education and training is found in the path from creative thinking to entrepreneurship. To be more specific, it was found that the creative thinking such as domain-related knowledge, creative thinking skills, and intrinsic job motivation had significant positive (+) effects on the innovative entrepreneurship. Second, each of domain-related knowledge and creative thinking skills had significant positive (+) effect on the initiative entrepreneurship. Third, the creative thinking skills had a significant positive (+) effect on the risk sensitive entrepreneurship. Finally, the moderating effect of the trade entrepreneurship education experience appeared only in the pathway from creative thinking to entrepreneurship but not in other pathways. The implication of this study is that trade entrepreneurs generally experience so-called hardship or death valley effects after establishing startup. Therefore, more customized education and training programs with supportive policy have to be designed for trade entrepreneurs by considering creative thinking and entrepreneurship performance.