비구어 발달장애아의 보완ㆍ대체 의사소통 체계 적용 방안 고찰

A Study on the Adaptation Method of Augmentative and Alternative Communication system Non Verbal Communication Children with Developmental Disabilities

본 연구는 보완ㆍ대체 의사소통 체계를 학교 현장에서 비구어 발달장애아에게 적용해 보기 위한 기초 자료로서 연구 목적이 있었다.첫째, 발달장애아의 언어와 의사소통의 특성은 자폐아, 뇌성마비아, 정신지체아의 언어 및 의사소통의 특성으로 대별할 수 있다. 자폐아의 언어 및 의사소통의 특성은 반향어의 사용, 과도한 질문, 억양의 결여 및 리듬의 이상 등으로 의사소통에 있어서 화용론, 의미론, 통사론과 이해하는 능력에서 결함을 보이고 있으며 화용론적인 면에 가장 많은 결함을 보이고 있다. 뇌성마비아의 언어 및 의사소통의 특성은 경직성, 무정위운동형, 실조형, 혼합형 등의 뇌성마비 유형에 따라 언어 장애의 특성이 다르게 나타난다. 그리고 의사소통에 있어서 수동적인 태도를 보이며 뇌성마비아는 수용언어의 발달은 대체로 가능하나 표현언어의 발달지체로 의사소통 과정은 단편적 형태로 굳어질 수 있다. 정신지체아의 언어 및 의사소통의 특성은 정신연령이 동일한 일반아동에 비해 단순한 문장을 사용하고 조음의 오류가 많으며, 낮은 수용언어 능력을 나타내며, 대화시 상대에게 부적절한 반응을 하기가 쉽고 소극적인 대화 참여 형태를 나타내는 경향이 있으며 소원한 대인관계를 유지하는 특성이 있다둘째, 발달장애아의 보완ㆍ대체 의사소통 중재전략은 자폐아, 뇌성마비아, 정신지체아를 위한 보완 ㆍ대체 의사 소통 중재 전략으로 구분된다.

The purpose of this study was to find adaptation method of augmentative and alternative communication system non - verbal communication children with developmental disabilities. The study showed language skills, the character of communication and intervention strategy and the type of augmentative and alternative system of augmentative and alternative communication of children with developmental disabilities at school. It is followed the conclusion based the result which analyzed the papers and references through the domestic augmentative and alternative communication and the discussion about it. First, the character of development disabled children s language skill and communication was that most of the autistic children and mental retardation children and cerebral palsied children have the problem of developing the skill of language and communication. Second, the intervention strategy for the development disabled children was put in order the intervention strategy for mentally retarded children, for autistic children, for cerebral palsy children. Third, the system of the augmentative and alternative communication was arranged two types. one was without using instrument, the other was with using instrument. The purpose of this study was to find adaptation method of augmentative and alternative communication system non - verbal communication children with developmental disabilities. The study showed language skills, the character of communication and intervention strategy and the type of augmentative and alternative system of augmentative and alternative communication of children with developmental disabilities at school. It is followed the conclusion based the result which analyzed the papers and references through the domestic augmentative and alternative communication and the discussion about it. First, the character of development disabled children s language skill and communication was that most of the autistic children and mental retardation children and cerebral palsied children have the problem of developing the skill of language and communication. Second, the intervention strategy for the development disabled children was put in order the intervention strategy for mentally retarded children, for autistic children, for cerebral palsy children. Third, the system of the augmentative and alternative communication was arranged two types. one was without using instrument, the other was with using instrument.