경직형 뇌성마비 아동의 운동발달 지연 특성

A study on the motor development delay of children with spastic cerebral palsy

본 연구는 경직형 뇌성마비 아동의 운동발달 지연 특성을 연령별, 성별, 유형별, 장애위험 정도별로 비교해 본 것이다. 연구대상은 뇌성마비로 진단받은 생후 12개월 이상 아동으로 남자 40명, 여자 20명이며, 연령 범위는 13개월-179개월, 양마비 아동 37명, 편마비 아동 23명인 총 60명이었다. 연구에 참여한 평가자는 작업치료사 면허를 소지하고, 소아 작업치료 분야에서 3년 이상 경력을 갖춘 전문가 3인으로 구성되었다. 평가도구는 대근육 운동과 소근육 운동을 분리하여 검사할 수 있는 PDMS-2를 사용하였다. 대근육 운동은 안정, 이동, 사물조작 부분으로, 소근육 운동은 잡기, 시각-운동통합으로 구성되어 있다. 연구결과 경직형 뇌성마비 아동의 운동발달 지연 양상은 성별에 따라 통계적인 유의차가 없었으며, 경직형 유형에 따라서는 대근육 운동과 소근육 운동 발달 부분에서 각각 유의차가 있었다. 이러한 경직형 뇌성마비 아동의 운동발달 특성을 출생체중과 재태 기간, 장애위험 정도 등에 따라 분석하고 논의하였다.

The purpose of this study was to investigate gross and fine motor skill developmental delay of children with spastic cerebral palsy. Sixty children participated in this study, 30 elementary school children, 15 preschool children, and 15 infant who diagnosed cerebral palsy and serviced therapy. These children were 23 spastic hemiplegia and 37 spastic diplegia. The PDMS-2 was used to investigate the gross and fine motor skill developmental delay of participants. The results of this study were as follows; First, there was not signifiant difference on the development delay of gross and fine motor skill according to age of children with spastic cerebral palsy. Second, there was not signifiant difference on the development delay of gross and fine motor skill according to gender of participants. Third, there was significant difference on the developmental delay of gross and fine motor skill according to spastic type. Diplegia children showed worse development delay than hemiplegia children. Fourth, there were significant differences on the developmental delay of gross and fine motor skill according to birth weights of participant. Children with under 2,500g birth weights showed worse development delay than over 2,500g. Fifth, there were significant differences on the developmental delay of gross and fine motor skill according to gestational age of participants. Children with under 37 weeks gestational ages showed worse development delay than over 37 weeks gestational ages. Sixth, there were significant differences on the developmental delay of gross and fine motor skill according to disability at-risk level of participants. Children with high risk showed worse development delay than children except high risk. The purpose of this study was to investigate gross and fine motor skill developmental delay of children with spastic cerebral palsy. Sixty children participated in this study, 30 elementary school children, 15 preschool children, and 15 infant who diagnosed cerebral palsy and serviced therapy. These children were 23 spastic hemiplegia and 37 spastic diplegia. The PDMS-2 was used to investigate the gross and fine motor skill developmental delay of participants. The results of this study were as follows; First, there was not signifiant difference on the development delay of gross and fine motor skill according to age of children with spastic cerebral palsy. Second, there was not signifiant difference on the development delay of gross and fine motor skill according to gender of participants. Third, there was significant difference on the developmental delay of gross and fine motor skill according to spastic type. Diplegia children showed worse development delay than hemiplegia children. Fourth, there were significant differences on the developmental delay of gross and fine motor skill according to birth weights of participant. Children with under 2,500g birth weights showed worse development delay than over 2,500g. Fifth, there were significant differences on the developmental delay of gross and fine motor skill according to gestational age of participants. Children with under 37 weeks gestational ages showed worse development delay than over 37 weeks gestational ages. Sixth, there were significant differences on the developmental delay of gross and fine motor skill according to disability at-risk level of participants. Children with high risk showed worse development delay than children except high risk.