제주도 포제(酺祭)의 형성 배경과 시기에 관한 연구

A Study on the Background and Period of Formation of Poje(酺祭) in Jeju Island

Jeju Island s village faith has a structure in which danggut, a shaman s ritual, and poje, a Confucian ritual led by villagers, coexist. This is an example of how folklore changes due to the influence of Confucianism. We studied the timing and background of the formation of Poje in Jeju Island. The background of the formation of the Jeju Poje was approached from two aspects: the establishment of the Juhyeon ritual system based on the reform of the national system and the formation of Confucian culture in Jeju Island. Unlike before, military and prefectural ceremonies were established separately to support the strengthening of the country s local control. This may vary slightly depending on the region and time, but it was maintained until the end of the Joseon Dynasty, and Jeju Island was no exception. Therefore, it is possible that the ritual of Juhyeon had a significant influence on the Confucianization of village beliefs. In parallel, the timing of the formation of Poje is assumed to be in line with the time when Confucian culture secured a solid position in Jeju Island, and Jeju-related geography, local Confucian materials, grazing materials, and other ancient documents were reviewed. As a result, a total of 52 students passed the examination in Jeju Island, which is believed to be one of the measures of Confucianization, and it was confirmed that it was concentrated in the 18th and 19th centuries. In addition, it was confirmed that the Poje was carried out in 1871 in Daejeong-hyeon (now Seogwipo). Based on this fact, the formation of the Poje in Jeju Island can be assumed to be in the early 19th century and expanded throughout Jeju Island in the late 19th century.