물리치료사의 소진과 그 영향 요인

A Study on the Burnout of Physical Therapists and Its Influencing Factors

본 연구는 물리치료사들의 소진 정도를 파악하고 소진에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 개인적인 요인, 직무특성 요인, 조직특성 요인으로 나누어 물리치료사의 소진에 미치는 영향을 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 물리치료사들이 경험하는 소진의 정도는 5점을 기준으로 평균 2.96으로 나타났다. 소진의 하위변인에서는 비인간화가 2.98로 가장 높고, 정서적 탈진이 2.96, 성취감 결여가 2.58이었다. 둘째, 물리치료사들의 개인적 특성에 따른 소진정도에서는 개인적 요인 중에서 정서적 탈진은 결혼여부, 근무지 유형, 일일 평균 근무시간, 실무경력, 일일 치료하는 환자 수에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 성취감 결여는 성별, 연령, 결혼여부, 학력, 근무지 유형, 실무경력, 월 평균수입, 근속년수에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 비인간화는 학력, 근무지유형, 일일 평균 근무시간, 일일 치료하는 환자 수에서 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 셋째, 물리치료사의 직무특성에 따른 소진의 영향 정도에서는 정서적 탈진에 영향을 주는 직무특성 요인은 업무량과 급여의 적절성 순이었다. 성취감 결여에 영향을 미치는 직무특성 요인은 자율성, 역할갈등, 역할모호, 동료관계 순이었다. 비인간화에 영향을 미치는 직무특성 요인으로는 상사와의 관계, 업무량, 역할모호의 순이었다. 넷째, 물리치료사의 조직특성에 따른 소진의 영향 정도를 다중회귀분석을 통해 파악하였다. 정서적 탈진에 영향을 주는 조직특성요인은 복지후생체계, 보상체계의 순이고 성취감 결여에 영향을 주는 요인은 의사전달체계, 복지후생체계, 보상체계의 순이었다. 또한 비인간화에서는 의사전달체계가 영향을 미치는 요인으로 나타났다.

This paper describes the degree of burnout for physical therapists and supports a basic material to serve prevention of the burnout of physical therapists and present the solutions by searching the relationship between effects of individuality, duty and organic characteristics and burnouts. The principal results are as follow: First of all, the degree of burnout experienced by physical therapists was searched. The status revealed average 2.96 via standard 5 where data were acquired by paper analyses. The highest sub-variable for burnout is occupied by depersonalization as 2.98 and next significant factors are emotional exhaustion as 2.96 and lack of feeling of accomplishment as 2.58, respectively. This result, the value over a half, shows most physical therapists suffer burnout Secondly, the degree of burnout for physical therapists as personal characteristic was analysed by one way ANOVA and T-test. Emotional exhaustion among personal characteristic is affected by marriage status, types of duty place, office hours per day, experience of duty and numbers of charged patients, showing statistically meaningful difference. Lack of feeling of accomplishment revealed representative difference by sex, age, marriage status, scholarship, types of duty place, experience of duty, average income per month and period of continuous service. Depersonalization showed statistically distinct difference in scholarship, types of duty place, office hours per day, numbers of charged patients. Thirdly, the degree of burnout for physical therapists as duty characteristic was analysed by multiple regression. In the result of sub-variations of burnout, the factors of duty characteristic affecting emotional exhaustion are amounts of duty and property of allowance, respectively. The factors of duty characteristic influencing lack of feeling of accomplishment are self-control, role conflict, role ambiguity and colleague relationship, respectively. The factors of duty characteristic affecting depersonalization are relationships with one s superior, amounts of duty and role ambiguity, respectively. Fourth, the degree of burnout for physical therapists as organization characteristic was analysed by multiple regression. The factors affecting lack of feeling of accomplishment are decision transfer system, welfare system and compensation system, respectively. In addition, decision transfer system is the most affected factor in depersonalization. This paper describes the degree of burnout for physical therapists and supports a basic material to serve prevention of the burnout of physical therapists and present the solutions by searching the relationship between effects of individuality, duty and organic characteristics and burnouts. The principal results are as follow: First of all, the degree of burnout experienced by physical therapists was searched. The status revealed average 2.96 via standard 5 where data were acquired by paper analyses. The highest sub-variable for burnout is occupied by depersonalization as 2.98 and next significant factors are emotional exhaustion as 2.96 and lack of feeling of accomplishment as 2.58, respectively. This result, the value over a half, shows most physical therapists suffer burnout Secondly, the degree of burnout for physical therapists as personal characteristic was analysed by one way ANOVA and T-test. Emotional exhaustion among personal characteristic is affected by marriage status, types of duty place, office hours per day, experience of duty and numbers of charged patients, showing statistically meaningful difference. Lack of feeling of accomplishment revealed representative difference by sex, age, marriage status, scholarship, types of duty place, experience of duty, average income per month and period of continuous service.