중도·중복장애학생의 학교 교육목표 설정에 관한 연구

Research on Establishment of Educational Objective for severe and multiple disabilities Student s School

오늘날 특수교육은 장애학생의 학교교육이 양적·질적으로 발전하는데 크게 기여를 하고 있으나 중도·중복장애학생의 학교교육에서는 기대에 미치지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 즉, 중도·중복장애학생을 교육대상으로 하는 특수학교의 경우, 학교 교육목표가 지나친 추상성과 함께 독특한 교육적 요구를 수용할 수 있도록 설정되어 있지 않는데서 문제 제기를 할 수 있다. 중도·중복장애학생의 학교교육은 장애 특성 및 교육적 요구가 일반학생 또는 경도장애학생에 비해 특수성을 가지기 때문에 학교교육의 치밀한 교육계획 수립과 추진이 요구된다. 이에 본 연구는 학교교육의 출발점이라고 할 수 있는 학교 교육목표 설정 방안 제시를 통하여 중도·중복장애학생의 학교교육에 효율성을 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위하여 첫째, 학교 교육목표는 중도·중복장애학생의 장애 특성 및 교육적 요구를 토대로 설정자원, 설정과정 및 설정기준에 비추어 타당하게 설정되어야 한다. 둘째, 학교 교육목표는 학교 교육과정으로 실행되어야 한다는 두 가지 구체적 연구의 내용을 설정하여 추진하였다. 이상과 같은 연구의 내용은 문헌연구 즉, 특수교육관련 법규, 특수교육 실태, 선행연구, 관련서적 등의 자료를 다양한 각도에서 분석의 틀을 설정하여 고찰해 보았다. 중도·중복장애학생의 학교 교육목표 설정은 합법성, 체계성, 포괄성의 입장에서 제시 하였으며, 이를 실행하기 위한 방법으로서 학교 교육과정이 편성·운영되어야 한다고 보고 그 방안을 연구의 결론으로 제시하였다. 본 연구의 결론으로 제시한 학교 교육목표 설정 방안은 특수학교 현장에서 적극 활용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

Today s special education has greatly contributed to quantitative & qualitative advancement of the school education for physically & mentally impaired students, but that s not the case with the school education of the severe and multiple disabilities students in reality-far behind our expectations. As for the school education for the severe and multiple disabilities students, the characteristics of the impediment and educational demand have peculiarity comparing to that of general or lightly-impaired student. Therefore, this research is aimed at offering efficiency to school education for the severe and multiple disabilities students through the suggestion of the establishment plan for school education s objective. This research, for this purpose, set up and promoted the three research contents as follows: First, the purpose of school education should be properly set up in the light of the establishment resources, establishment process, and establishment standard. Second, the purpose of school education should be internalized in teachers educational consciousness. The research contents like these, i.e. research on literature, such as educational method, actual conditions of special schools, and precedent research, etc. were considered from a variety of aspects by setting up a frame of analysis. The establishment of the school education for the severe and multiple disabilities students was suggested in the light of rationality, systemicity, and comprehension; in addition, the establishment plan for the objective of school education suggested in this research results would be expected to positively used in the actual spot of special schools. Today s special education has greatly contributed to quantitative & qualitative advancement of the school education for physically & mentally impaired students, but that s not the case with the school education of the severe and multiple disabilities students in reality-far behind our expectations. As for the school education for the severe and multiple disabilities students, the characteristics of the impediment and educational demand have peculiarity comparing to that of general or lightly-impaired student. Therefore, this research is aimed at offering efficiency to school education for the severe and multiple disabilities students through the suggestion of the establishment plan for school education s objective. This research, for this purpose, set up and promoted the three research contents as follows: First, the purpose of school education should be properly set up in the light of the establishment resources, establishment process, and establishment standard. Second, the purpose of school education should be internalized in teachers educational consciousness. The research contents like these, i.e. research on literature, such as educational method, actual conditions of special schools, and precedent research, etc. were considered from a variety of aspects by setting up a frame of analysis. The establishment of the school education for the severe and multiple disabilities students was suggested in the light of rationality, systemicity, and comprehension; in addition, the establishment plan for the objective of school education suggested in this research results would be expected to positively used in the actual spot of special schools.