燕岐羅城里遺蹟出土金銅遺物의 科學的保存및 鍍金技法에 관한 硏究

Study on the Scientific Preservation and Plating Method of Gilt Bronze Artifacts Excavated in Naseong-ri, Yeongi-Gun

2010년부터 2013년까지 한국고고환경연구소에서 조사한 연기군 나성리 유적은 한성기 백제시대의 유구와 유물이 다수 출토되었다. 출토된 유물 중 금동유물인 성시구 2점, 구슬 125점, 과대금구 1점, 식리 1점을 과학적인 방법을 통해 보존처리하였으며, 금속현미경과 SEM-EDS, Portable XRF를 이용해 금도금층을 관찰하였으며, 성분분석을 통한 도금기법을 규명하고자 하였다. 연기 나성리에서 출토된 금동유물은 수은(Hg)의 함량이 6 ～ 18%로 높게 검출되었으며 도금 막의 두께가 일정하지 않고 일부 도금 층이 몇 개의 층으로 구분되어지고, 아말감(금 알갱이)이 뭉쳐져 있는 부분이 관찰되는 것으로 보아 수은 아말감 도금법을 이용하여 제작한 것으로 추정된다. 또한 금동식리의 바닥판과 측판은 금(Au), 은(Ag), 수은(Hg)의 함량 차이가 유사하여 제작 당시 같은 금도금 합금 비율로 제작하였음을 추정할 수 있었으며, 금동성시구와 금동구슬은 다른 금동유물에 비해 은(Ag)의 함량이 높음을 확인할 수 있어 금도금 층을 제작할 때 은(Ag)을 의도적으로 첨가하여 금ㆍ은 합금으로 만든 아말감을 이용하여 도금한 것으로 추정되어진다.

In regards to the remains in Naseong-ri, Yeongi-gun that were investigated by Korean Institute for Archaeology & Environment from 2010 to 2013, various relics and artifacts from the Baekje era of Hanseong period were excavated. Among the excavated artifacts, preservation treatment was applied to gilt bronze artifacts namely, 2 pieces of arrow case, 125 pieces of beads, 1 piece of band bronze adornment and 1 piece of shoes. Using metallographic microscope SEM-EDS and portable XRF, it was also intended to observe plating layer and examine inscription methods through component analysis. As for the gilt bronze artifacts excavated in Naseong-ri, Yeongi-gun, the mercury (Hg) content was high with 6-18% and the thickness of plating layer was not consistent. In addition, certain plating layers were divided into several layers and agglomeration of amalgam (gold grain) was observed. Accordingly, it is estimated that amalgam plating method was used to make the artifacts. Since the content difference of gold (Au), silver (Ag) and mercury (Hg) was similar for the bottom and side plates of gilt bronze shoes, it was possible to estimate that they were made with the same gold-plating alloy percentages and the silver (Ag) content of gilt bronze arrow cases and beads was high. It is accordingly estimated that they were plated using amalgam made of gold & silver alloy by intentionally adding silver (Ag) when making gold-plating layer.