심리운동 활동이 발달장애 아동의 소근육 운동기능 발달에 미치는 효과

The Effect of Psychomotorik Activities on the Development of Fine Motor Skills in Children with Developmental Disabilities

이 연구는 심리운동 활동이 발달장애 아동의 소근육 운동기능 발달에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 3명의 발달장애 아동을 대상으로 심리운동 활동을 실시한 후 소근육의 하위항목인 속도와 정확성을 통하여 사전·사후 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 참여자는 남학생 1명과 여학생 2명으로 단일집단을 대상으로 구성되어 있으며 15회기에 걸쳐 실시하였다. 연구결과 심리운동 활동이 발달장애 아동의 소근육 운동기능 발달에 긍정적인 효과가있었다. 특히 소근육의 하위항목인 속도와 정확성에 긍정적인 효과를 보였다. 이 연구의 결과는 발달장애 아동들이 심리운동 활동을 통하여 충분한 움직임과 다양한 도구를 이용한 집기, 쌓기, 손가락 움직이기 등의 소근육 운동발달에 긍정적인 효과를 미친다는 점을 시사하며 발달장애아동의 소근육 운동기능 발달에 어려움을 갖는 발달장애 아동에 대한 구체적 적용 방법을 제시한 것에서 의의를 찾을 수 있다.

This study is to find out how effective psychomotorik activities for children with developmental disabilities are in the development of speed and accuracy in fine motor skills. The targets of this study are three children with developmental disabilities aged 9 to 10 years old among clients at a center for developmental disability in the city of J. As a research tool, Punktiertest für kinder; PTK, developed by German scholar Schilling in 1974. To find out what effect psychomotorik activity has on the fine motor skills improvement of children with developmental disabilities, it was designed and studied in the order of pre-test, psychomotorik program application and post-test for a single-subject group of three children with those difficulties. The psychomotorik activity was selected as the independent variable, and the development of fine motor skills was the dependent variable, and the program execution period was conducted from March 2020 to July 2020 once a week, 40 minutes each session, for a total of 15 weeks. The findings from the research are as follows: First, the speed scores in the domain of fine motor skills have improved since participating children finished the psychomotorik programs. This shows that there is a positive effect on the speed capability of fine motor skills from psychomotorik activities. Second, it was found that the score in the accuracy area was also increased among the fine motor skills, showing that psychomotorik activity contributed to the development of accuracy of fine motor skills. The above findings indicate that psychomotorik activities supporting the development of fine motor skills can improve speed and accuracy abilities, which are sub-factors of fine motor skills in children with developmental disabilities, and thus, it can be said that psychomotorik activities have a positive effect on the development of the fine motor skills.