몽골어의 ǰil ‘해, 년’과 hon ‘해, 년’에 대하여

Remarks on ǰil ‘year’ and hon ‘year’ in Mongolian

In most of the Mongolic languages and their dialects, the phonological forms for ‘year’ are traced back to the Middle Mongolian @@il ‘year’ and hon ‘year’. This paper tries to discover the diachronic and synchronic differences between the two forms in various Mongolic languages and dialects, from Middle Mongolian texts such as The Secret History of the Mongols(1240) to Modern dialectal variants. Turkic and Uighur usages of yïl ‘year’ in the 8-9th century texts were briefly introduced. Chinese, Tibetan, Islam, and Western elements were also discussed as the symbols of adoption of foreign culture when they constructed the time expression together with @@il ‘year’ or hon ‘year’. The Mongol reign names such as Olan-a ergügdegsen ‘Elevated by many’ or Mongγol ulus ‘Mongol nation’ are mentioned as the habit of the loan translation of the Manchu reign names, and the heritage of the Chinese tradition which had regarded the reign name as an indispensable element in the year-marking.