한국어 ‘X하다’와 몽골어 ‘X хийх’의 결합 관계와 의미에 관한 대조연구

A Contrastive Study on the Syntagmatic Relation Between Korean Verb, ‘Xhada’ and Mongolian verb, ‘X хийх’, and their meanings

The possibility that Korean language and Mongolian language belong to the similar or the same language family, has been discussed by lots of scholars from the systematical perspective, since there are a lot of relations between words of Korean language and Mongolian language, and they both have agglutinative characteristics. So far, there has been a continuous precise contrastive analysis on the overall aspects of grammatical systems of these two languages. The fact that Mongolian language could be similar to Korean language from the language typological viewpoint, shows that sentence structures of modern Korean language and modern Mongolian language have gone through the similar process of development, until today. However, general grammatical systems of two languages have undergone individually distinctive processes of development as a necessity, reflecting different historical development environments. Therefore, it is obvious that there are considerable differences between them, in spite of numerous similarities. Among these discriminative elements, Korean verb, ‘hada’ and Mongolian verb, ‘хийх’ are one of the most basic verbs and also, are representative ones to form sentences consisting of diverse structures. This study examined the lexical meanings and combination type of ‘hada’ and ‘хийх’, and compared them with one another. First, this study examined each vocabulary’s basic meaning and differences between linguistic elements of two verbs, after suggesting lexical meanings of ‘hada’ and ‘хийх’ and then, identified similarities and differences by classifying the combination types of ‘hada’ and ‘хийх’ as compounds. Based on this contrast, this study described functional differences among ‘Xhada’ and ‘Xhada’ in ‘X хийх’ structure and ‘X хийх’. Moreover, it was discussed whether ‘Xhada’ and ‘X хийх’ have semantic features such as ‘narrative’, ‘activeness’ and ‘stativity’, and can work as independent forms. In addition, it was identified if the combination types of Korean compounds, ‘noun+hada’, ‘root+hada’, ‘adverb+hada’, ‘loanword+hada’ and so on are available for Mongolian language, and if ‘Xhada’ and ‘hada in ‘X хийх’ structure and ‘хийх’ could function as independent forms by dividing them, according to the combination types.