몽골 영웅서사시에 나타난 여성 캐릭터의 유형과 특성

A Study on the Types and Characteristics of Female Characters in a Mongolian Heroic Epic: With a focus on ｢Abai Geser｣

This study set out to investigate the types and characteristics of the four women that were the center of the Abai Geser epic and the embodiment of each femininity in the epic according to the four structural forms of femininity by Toni Wolff, one of Carl Jung s pupils. Manzan gurme grandmother, the mother goddess and the Maternal type, takes the most natural form and is presented as the positive form of the mother. She is manifested as the representation of the brightest and wisest in the epic. As the god that created the Great Bear and the galaxy and the goddess that governs birth and rearing, death and reincarnation, and healing, she resolves all kinds of problems happening in the epic and is the mastermind behind sending out Geser out to the human world and having him restore peace on the ground. Representing Hetaira, Urmai goohon is a tempter armed with the utmost beauty that cannot be rivaled in the world, becoming a major factor to cause confrontations and conflicts between the protagonist and antagonist. While playing her roles on the side of the protagonist, she is also free enough to choose monster, the opposite force, as her spouse in pursuit of her instinctive tendency. Alma mergen of Amazone is an independent and self-contained woman and a typical positive character along with the mother goddess Manzan gurme grandmother. She is manifested as the most ideal spouse for Geser. Possessing wisdom, wits, and faith in addition to incredible bravery, she displays the characteristics of a whole person. Placing greater importance on her own choice than relationships, she sometimes engages in extreme acts and shows very threatening characteristics. Yargallan of Mediale is a problematic character, who cannot confront the world on her own and becomes a victim herself. Lacking rational thinking in distinguishing her personal things from those belonging to the public, she also becomes a perpetrator. Even though she has spiritual features, she fails to use them for the good of the community, gets overwhelmed by her unconscious desire, and thus becomes a negative being.