몽골 오리앙하이족 토올의 음악적 특징

Musical characteristics in Tuul’ of the Mongolia Uriangkhai Tribe

Uriangkhais(Урианхай) are one of Oirad(Ойрад) tribes that dwell mainly in Hovd Aimag(Хөвд аймаг), Duut(Дуут), Munhhairkhan (Мөнххайрхан) and Bulgan(Булган) in western Mongolia, in Altai(Алтай), Bujant(Буянт) of Bayan-Ulgii Aimag(Баян-Өлгий аймаг) etc. This tribe is especially noteworthy in that they inherit a wide variety of Mongolian traditional arts. Numerous parts of traditional culture and arts disappeared while Mongolia was a socialist state, but the tuul’(тууль) of this tribe has been passed down through generations thanks to religious convention of devotional rituals, the strict patrilineal system and the power of foreseeing the future that performers got to gain while they had long performed tuul’, which was divine song. The purpose of this study was to examine the musical characteristics of tuul , one of the Mongolian traditional music of Uriangkhais in western Mongolia, in terms of three. First, the functionality of tovshuur(товшуур, two-stringed instrument of lute) that played a special role was discussed. Second, the melodic correlationship between magtaal(магтаал, anthem) and tuul’ was analyzed. Third, khuumii(хөөмий) that was a unique Mongolian vocalism was analyzed to prove the relationship between it and tuul’ in terms of singing style. In conclusion, the tuul’ of Uriangkhai of Mongolia sounds like monotonous reading aloud, but it produces unimaginable effects while it is performed for long hours to the accompaniment of tovshuur as divine song that is dedicated to god. And a unique singing style such as khuumii could naturally be created thanks to the elaboration of tuul’ performers.