This article discusses the basic word order in the modern Mongolian language and the modern Korean language, which have undoubtedly been characterized in the previous studies as verb final agglutinative languages with postpositions, regular case-marking systems, and modifier-head constructions. Basic word order means ‘unmarked’ word order or ‘neutral’ and ‘underlying’ word order, not absolutely ‘fixed’ word order at all. We try to inquire into basis of the syntactic constraints and verb-finality among others. We analyze the basic word order for a sentence of modern Mongolian and Korean as belonging to SOV typology. And we further try to elucidate the similarities and differences between the two languages in terms of word order. Syntactic and pragmatic constraints on word order are discussed with the complementary two place predicate, small clause, modifier-head constructions, auxiliary construction, multiple subject or multiple object constructions and numeral classifier construction.