양절형 밀 생장에 대한 온도의 영향과 유전자 발현 양상

Effect of Temperature on Growth and Related Gene Expression in Alternative Type Wheat Cultivars

We have investigated the effects of ambient temperature on the growth of wheat in Korea. The differences in the growth phase of wheat were compared according to the temperature treatment. The productive tiller number and dry weight were decreased in a plot under a higher temperature treatment. We found that the growth of Jinpum was different from that of the alternative wheat cultivars, which were bred in Korea, at 50 days after treatment. While the Jinpum wheat grown at 17°C showed vegetative stage growth, that grown in the 23°C growth chamber entered the heading and flowering stage. The differences in the expression of 16 genes known to be involved in high-temperature responses were checked by using Jinpum wheat 50 days after two temperature treatments (17°C and 23°C), which showed apparent differences in expression between the higher and lower temperatures during the growth phase. In the 23°C treatment samples, the genes with increased expression were HSP70, HSP101, VRN2, ERF1, TAA1, YUCCA2, GolS, MYB73, and Histone H2A, while the genes with decreased expression were VRN-A1, DREB2A, HsfA3, PIF4, PhyB, HSP17.6CII, rbcL, and MYB73. YUCCA2, HSP101, ERF1, and VRN-A1 showed a significant difference in gene expression between lower- and higher-temperature conditions. Overall, combining the means of the expression of various genes involved in thermosensing, vernalization, and abiotic stresses, it is possible to conclude that different sets of genes are involved in vernalization and summer depression of wheat under long term, high ambient temperature conditions.