信息结构理论视野下汉韩反预期副词语义对比研究

A Comparative Study on the Sematic Meaning of Anti-expectation Adverbs in Chinese and Korean from the Perspective of Information Structure Theory

反预期范畴是语义-语用界面研究的重要概念之一，不仅反映了客观世界真值语义关系和条件，也反映了交际双方的主观认识或态度。本文主要基于信息结构理论，对汉韩语反预期副词进行分类，主要分出了意外惊讶类、意外不满类、事实醒悟类、事实修正类、他指转折类、他指确认类、典型转折类、极性转折类八种类型，并对汉韩语各类型的语义进行对比分析，通过初步对比了解汉韩反预期副词在语义表达上的异同，并借助信息结构理论进行分析解释。初步可知，相同点方面，汉韩反预期副词可以作为焦点敏感算子发挥作用，其前提示的信息具有“显性+隐性”双重已知信息的特征，反预期副词可以介引出带有焦点属性的新信息；不同点方面，汉韩反预期副词并非完全一一对应，两者在信息结构的强度和主观性方面存在较明显差异。

Anti-expectation category is one of the important concepts in semantic-pragmatic interface research. It not only reflects the truth-value sematic relationship and conditions of the objective world, but also reflects the subjective understanding or attitude of both parties in communication. This article is mainly based on the theory of information structure to classify anti-expectation adverbs in Chinese and Korean. It is mainly divided into eight categories: unexpected surprise type, unexpected dissatisfaction type, fact awakening type, fact correction type, typical turning type and polarity turning type. The semantics of each type of Chinese and Korean are compared and analyzed, and the similarities and differences of anti-expectation adverbs in Chinese and Korean are understood through preliminary comparisons, and they are analyzed and explained by information structure theory. Through preliminary analysis, we can see that there is no one-to-one correspondence between Chinese and Korean anti-expectation adverbs, and there are differences in information intensity and subjectivity.