反切표음방식 고찰

A Study on the Phonetic Method of Fanqie: Focusing on the Analysis of the Phonological Features of Fanqie Shangzi and Fanqie Xiazi

고대 운서의 반절 주음(注音)은 음가가 아닌 음 범주를 반영한 것으로, 반절의 표음방식은 반절 상·하자 음운 자질에 근거하여 분석해야 한다. 음운 자질에 근거해 반절 상·하자의 성모와 주요모음, 운미의 자질 대응 관계를 분석했고, 반절 상·하자가 피절자와 일정한 대응 관계를 이루는 것을 발견하였다. 반절 상·하자는 각 성모의 조음자가 대응하며, 주요모음의 개구도가 대응하고, 운미는 V-C(Vocal-Cords), Lab(Labial), Cor(Coronal), Dor(Dorsal)의 자질이 다양하게 대응했다. 이러한 분석으로 반절 상·하자가 각 성모와 운모를 나타내면서도 서로 대응 관계를 이루는 유사 음운이 되도록 고려했다는 결론에 이를 수 있으며, 반절 상·하자는 피절자의 음을 표기하기 위해 선별된 최적의 쌍으로 정교하고 치밀한 관계에 있다는 것을 확인하였다.

The Fanqie Zhuyin in ancient rime dictionaries reflects the category of tones, not their values, and the phonetic method of the Fanqie should be analyzed based on the sound features of Fanqie shangzi and Fanqie xiazi. For this, while examining the sound features of Fanqie shangzi and Fanqie xiazi, it was found that Fanqie shangzi and Fanqie xiazi form a certain correspondence with the cut characters. An analysis of the corresponding relationship between the features of Fanqie shangzi and Fanqie xiazi showed that the Fanqie shangzi and Fanqie xiazi correspond in the articulators of each vowel, the opening degree of the main vowels corresponds, and The final consonants correspond in various ways in the features of V-C (Vocal-Cords), Lab (Labial), Cor (Coronal), and Dor (Dorsal). The analysis showed that the corresponding features of Fanqie shangzi and Fanqie xiazi also correspond to those of the cut characters, suggesting the possibility that the phonetic method of Fanqie may not be a simple dichotomous phonetic method. After all, it can be concluded that the phonetic method of fanqie was considered so that fanqie shangzi and fanqie xiazi become a similar phoneme that corresponds to each other while representing each consonant and vowel, and it was found that fanqie shangzi and fanqie xiazi are the optimal pair selected to represent the sounds of cut characters and that they are in a sophisticated and close relationship.