한·중 대량(大量) 표현 ‘많다/많이’와 ‘多’의 대응 연구

Contrastive study on the expressions of the large quantity of ‘manhta/manhi’ in Korean and ‘duo’ in Chinese

Manhta/manhi’ and ‘duo’ are common expressions that can be used to express large quantity in Korean and Chinese, respectively. By conducting a comparative study on ‘manhta/manhi’ in Korean and ‘duo’ in Chinese, this article comes to a conclusion on different conditions where there are correspondence and non-correspondence concerning the constructions that include ‘manhta/manhi’ and ‘duo’. The constructions that include ‘manhta/manhi,’ ‘duo’ and verbs are (1) ‘manhi+transitive verbs’, ‘transitive verbs+duo’ and ‘duo+transitive verbs’; (2) ‘manhi+intransitive verbs’, ‘intransitive verbs+duo’ and ‘manhi+intransitive verbs’. The constructions that include ‘manhta’, ‘duo’ and nouns are (1) ‘nouns+manhta’ and ‘nouns+duo’; (2) ‘manhun+nouns’ and ‘duo+nouns’. By scrutinizing the constructions that include ‘duo’, ‘manhta’ and numeral and quantifier, and adjectives or adverbs according to their syntactic orders, the correspondence and non-correspondence between these constructions are summarized. In conclusion, this paper attempts to contribute to teaching and learning Korean for Chinese students, as well as teaching and learning Chinese for Koreans.

‘manhta(形容詞)/manhi(副詞)’和‘多’是韩汉语中典型的大量表达。和他动词连用时形成‘manhi+他动词’、‘多+他动词’和‘他动词+多’结構，和自动词连用时形成‘manhi+自动词、‘多+自动词’和‘自动词+多’结構。和名词表达连用时，形成了‘名词表达+多’、‘名词表达+manhta’、‘多+名词表达’和‘manhun+名词表达’的结構。和数词與量词及形容词或副词表达连用时，根据‘多’的使用位置不同可構成多種结構。本文分析了‘多’和‘manhta/manhi’在这些结構中的对应情况，並且拟通过此对比研究，对第二语言的学习和教学有所幫助。