Troubleshooting algorithm of IONM during thyroid surgery

This review was conducted on nerve monitoring during thyroid surgery. Intraoperative neuromonitoring is a well-established method used to prevent intraoperative nerve damage, and many studies have been performed in thyroid surgery. We introduced the basic concepts and practical applications, as well as nerve monitoring during surgery and the standardized techniques and details. In addition, the contents of this still yet relatively unknown field, such as its application to the external branches of the superior laryngeal nerve, were summarized by referring to many previous studies.