Effect of ultra-sonication treatment for seed priming to accelerate germination and stability

Many invigoration treatments of seeds, referred to as seed priming, have been used to increase and/or accelerate germination, as, for example, the addition of chemicals, plant hormones or by controlled hydration. The addition of gibberellic acid is probably the most effective method, but is time consuming and relatively expensive. Other chemical methods may add undesirable residues to the culture. Germination may also be stimulated by physical methods as, for example, heat treatments, ionizing radiation or vacuum.