음향분석을 통한 한국 고등학생의 영어 마찰음 분석 연구

An Acoustical Study of Korean High School Students Pronunciation of English Fricatives

본 연구에서는 한국 고등학생들과 영어원어민들의 영어 마찰음에 대한 발음을 음향적으로 비교·분석하였다. 분석 결과, 한국 고등학생들은 음운체계에 존재하지 않는 영어 마찰음을 발음할 때 오류빈도가 그렇지 않은 마찰음 보다 더 높았다. 한국어의 음운체계에 존재하지 않는 영어의 마찰음 가운데 오류율이 가장 높았던 마찰음은 /ð/이었으며 83.70%였다, 또한 /ɵ/는 55%, /v/는31.67%, /f/는 26.67%, /ʒ/는 21.67%, /z/는 10%, /ʃ/는 9.17%이었으며, 한국어의 음운체계에 존재하는 /s/의 경우에는 전혀 오류를 보이지 않았다. 이러한 결과는, 한국 고등학생들은 조음기관의 앞쪽에서 발음이 되는 마찰음에 어려움을 겪고 있음을 보여준다. 또한 한국인 영어 학습자들은 마찰음에 대한 발음에서 /f/를 /p/로, /v/를 /b/로, /z/를 /s/로 대치하는 경향이 일반적이었고, 마찰음을 발음하면서도 파열을 수반하는 경우도 관찰할 수 있었다.

This paper aimed to acoustically analyze the pronunciation of Korean high school students English fricatives by using PRAAT speech signal tools. Data were obtained both from the English utterances of 30 Korean high school students and from those of 20 English native speakers. Fricatives were included in one word within each English utterance. Each subject were asked to record 16 sentences, 50 subjects recording 800 sentences (16 sentences × 50 subjects). The results showed that Korean high school students made more errors in pronouncing the English fricatives which do not exist in the Korean phonological system than in pronouncing those which exist in the Korean phonological system. The paper found the hierarchy of difficulty in the pronunciation of English fricatives for Korean high school students. The error rate was the highest in the pronunciation of /ð/ (83.70%), followed by /ɵ/ (55%), /v/ (31.67%), /f/ (26.67%), /ʒ/ (21.67%), /z/ (10%), and /ʃ/ (9.17%). No pronunciation errors were found in the pronunciation of /s/. In terms of the articulation, generally, the further anterior the articulation is, the more errors are made. In some cases, /f/ was replaced by /p/, /v/ by /b/, and /z/ by /s/. In other cases, /f/, /v/, and /z/ were pronounced with the preceding closure, whose acoustic signals were significantly different from those of native English speakers. Further study is needed to develop methods and techniques to teach these English fricatives effectively to Korean high school students.